SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DIRECTION OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE AEROMECHANICAL LINT CLEANING PROCESS AND DEVELOPING THE CLEANER DESIGN

Abstract

This article presents a technical solution aimed at improving the design of lint cleaners, based on an analytical review of existing and previously developed lint cleaning equipment. The primary challenge in current lint cleaning machines is their insufficient efficiency, with many achieving only 15-20% cleaning effectiveness. More efficient designs often suffer from complex structures, making them difficult to operate and maintain in production, leading to significant product loss. The proposed aeromechanical lint cleaner addresses these issues by integrating a device for removing large impurities into the OVM-A-1 type cleaner, which is typically designed for fine impurities. A key innovation is the design of a saw-tooth cylinder and grate system, with specific parameters for the saw teeth to optimize cleaning. The article highlights the limitations of existing designs, such as the MT-01 and MT-02, which either focus solely on large impurities with low fine impurity removal efficiency or struggle with effective lint detachment from saw-tooth drums, leading to blockages. The proposed aeromechanical cleaner is designed to effectively remove both fine and large impurities, including whole seeds, which are critical for maintaining cellulose quality in the chemical industry. Its technological process involves initial air rarefaction to remove fine impurities through a grate, followed by the saw-tooth cylinder and brush system to separate seeds and heavy waste. This new design is expected to double the cleaning efficiency compared to the current OVM-A-I type fibrous material cleaner, offering a more comprehensive and efficient solution for lint processing in cotton textile clusters.