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Keywords

sedentary behavior; prolonged sitting; cardiovascular disease; physical inactivity; hypertension;

How to Cite

THE CARDIOVASCULAR COST OF SITTING . (2026). SYNAPSES: INSIGHTS ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES, 3(9), 207-214. https://www.universalpublishings.com/index.php/siad/article/view/20814

Abstract

Modern life has quietly engineered movement out of the day. The average  working adult now spends the majority of waking hours seated — at desks, in vehicles,  and before screens — and a large body of evidence suggests this sedentary behavior  carries a cardiovascular bill that exercise alone may not fully pay. This narrative review  examines the relationship between prolonged sitting and the major risk factors for  cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance,  obesity, and endothelial dysfunction.

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References

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2. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020;54(24):1451–1462.

3. Wilmot EG, Edwardson CL, Achana FA, et al. Sedentary time in adults and the association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death: systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2012;55(11):2895–2905.

4. Biswas A, Oh PI, Faulkner GE, et al. Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2015;162(2):123–132.

5. Ekelund U, Steene-Johannessen J, Brown WJ, et al. Does physical activity attenuate, or even eliminate, the detrimental association of sitting time with mortality? A harmonised meta-analysis of data from more than 1 million men and women. The Lancet. 2016;388(10051):1302–1310.

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