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Abstract
Every day, thousands of people around the world wait for a phone call that may never come — the call telling them that a compatible donor organ has been found. Others live tethered to machines that perform, hour by hour, the work a failed kidney or heart can no longer do. Artificial organs and, more recently, 3D bioprinting represent humanity's two great answers to this crisis: one mechanical, one biological. This article traces the story of both fields — from the first clunky dialysis machines and the parachute-silk artificial hearts of the 1980s to today's laboratories where living cells are printed into beating cardiac tissue.
References
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