Keywords
Gene Editing
Casgevy
Sickle Cell Disease
Base Editing
How to Cite
Abstract
Gene editing represents one of the most transformative biotechnologies of the 21st century, offering unprecedented precision in modifying DNA to treat genetic diseases, enhance agricultural productivity, and potentially alter the trajectory of human evolution. This narrative article explores the revolutionary CRISPR-Cas9 technology, its clinical applications including the landmark FDA approval of Casgevy for sickle cell disease, emerging ethical frameworks, and the regulatory landscape shaping this rapidly evolving field. With the global gene editing market projected to reach $45 billion by 2035 , understanding this technology's capabilities, limitations, and societal implications has never been more critical.
References
1. Akilimali A, Singh A, et al. (2024). FDA approves CASGEVY, the first CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing therapy for sickle cell disease. PMC, 11305803. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11305803/
2. Gene Editing: Developments, Ethical Considerations, and Future Directions (2023). PMC, 11759082. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11759082/
3. The impact of the three major human genome editing reports on the governance landscape (2018). PMC, 12401782. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12401782/
4. FDA illuminates new approval pathway for bespoke gene editing therapies (2026). Fierce Biotech.
https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/fda-illuminates-new-approval-pathway-bespoke-gene-therapies
5. What's Cooking With CRISPR? (2025). NIH Catalyst, 33(1). https://irp.nih.gov/system/files/media/file/2025-01/v33i1_nih-catalyst_jan-feb-2025_24pages_web.pdf
6. Ten CRISPR companies to watch in 2025 (2025). Lab iotech. https://www.labiotech.eu/best-biotech/crispr-companies/
7. How many FDA approved Gene editing are there? (2025). Synapse Patsnap. https://synapse.patsnap.com/article/how-many-fda-approved-gene-editing-are-there
8. FDA-Approved Gene Therapies (2024). Boston Children's Hospital. https://www.childrenshospital.org/services/gene-therapy-program/fda-approved-gene-therapies
9. Future of CRISPR: Tech Heralds Landmark Clinical Trials (2024). The Cardiology Advisor. https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/features/future-of-crispr/
10. CRISPR Clinical Trials: A 2025 Update (2025). Innovative Genomics Institute. https://innovativegenomics.org/news/crispr-clinical-trials-2025/
11. CRISPR Clinical Trials to Follow (2025). Synthego. https://www.synthego.com/blog/crispr-clinical-trials/
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
