Keywords
postnatal rivojlanish
mikrobiota
peristaltika
defekatsiya refleksi
How to Cite
Abstract
Yo‘g‘on ichak postnatal davrda nafaqat anatomik jihatdan o‘sib boradigan a’zo, balki mikrobiologik, nerv-reflektor, immunologik va metabolik jihatdan ham izchil yetiladigan murakkab biologik tizimdir. Tug‘ilgandan keyingi davrda yo‘g‘on ichakning asosiy vazifalari — suv va elektrolitlarni qayta so‘rish, najas massasini shakllantirish, ichak mikrobiotasini barqarorlashtirish, peristaltik harakatlarni muvofiqlashtirish va defekatsiya refleksini boshqarish — bosqichma-bosqich rivojlanadi. Ayniqsa hayotning birinchi oylari va birinchi 1000 kuni ichak mikrobiotasining shakllanishi, immun tizimning “o‘qitilishi” va ovqat hazm qilish tizimining funksional moslashuvi uchun juda muhim hisoblanadi. Zamonaviy tadqiqotlarda erta hayot mikrobiotasi bola immuniteti, metabolizmi, ichak to‘sig‘i, allergik kasalliklar va keyingi sog‘liq holati bilan bog‘liq ekani ta’kidlanmoqda.
Mazkur maqolada yo‘g‘on ichakning tug‘ilgandan keyingi funksional yetilishi,mikrobiota kolonizatsiyasi, ona suti, tug‘ilish yo‘li, antibiotiklar va ovqatlanish omillarining ta’siri, peristaltikaning shakllanishi hamda defekatsiya refleksining nerv-mushak mexanizmlari ilmiy asosda yoritiladi. Shuningdek, postnatal rivojlanishdagibuzilishlar — qabziyat, diareya, disbioz, funksional defekatsiya buzilishlari va ichak motiliteti yetilmasligi — klinik jihatdan tahlil qilinadi.
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