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Abstract
Mazkur maqolada viruslarning biologik xususiyatlari, ularning morfologik tuzilishi, genetik materiali, replikatsiya usullari hamda zamonaviy viruslar tasnifi bo‘yicha asosiy yondashuvlar tahlil qilingan. Viruslar tirik organizmlar va noorganik zarrachalar o‘rtasidagi oraliq holatga ega bo‘lib, faqat tirik hujayralar ichida ko‘payish xususiyatiga ega. Maqolada morfologik jihatdan viruslar simmetriya turlariga (helikal, ikosaedral, kompleks) ko‘ra guruhlanishi va ularning kapsid tuzilmalari, nuklein kislota turi (DNK yoki RNK), va qobiq mavjudligiga qarab farqlanishi batafsil yoritilgan. Shuningdek, viruslarning xalqaro ilmiy klassifikatsiyasi – ICTV (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses) tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan mezonlar asosida oilalar, urug‘lar va turlar darajasida tasniflanishi keltirilgan. Ushbu maqola virologiya sohasi bilan shug‘ullanuvchi mutaxassislar hamda biologiya yo‘nalishidagi talabalar uchun ilmiy manba sifatida xizmat qiladi.
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