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Abstract
Koordinatsion kimyo zamonaviy kimyo fanining eng muhim va tez rivojlanayotgan yo‘nalishlaridan biri bo‘lib, unda metall ionlari va ligandlar o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro ta’sirlar, ularning tuzilishi, xossalari hamda amaliy qo‘llanilishi o‘rganiladi. Ayniqsa, 3d-qator metallari ushbu yo‘nalishda alohida o‘rin tutadi. Buning asosiy sababi ushbu metallarning elektron konfiguratsiyasi o‘zgaruvchanligi, turli oksidlanish darajalarini qabul qila olishi va turli koordinatsion geometriyalarni hosil qilish qobiliyatidir.3d-metallar asosida hosil bo‘lgan komplekslar biologik tizimlardan tortib sanoat katalizigacha bo‘lgan keng sohalarda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Shu sababli, ushbu metallarning turli ligandlar bilan o‘zaro ta’sirini o‘rganish ilmiy va amaliy jihatdan katta ahamiyatga ega.So‘nggi yillarda ko‘p funksional ligandlar asosida koordinatsion komplekslar sinteziga bo‘lgan qiziqish sezilarli darajada ortdi. Bunday ligandlar ichida 2,6-piridindikarbon kislotasi alohida ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ushbu birikma molekulasida bir vaqtning o‘zida azot va kislorod donor markazlari mavjud bo‘lib, bu uning metall ionlari bilan kuchli va barqaror komplekslar hosil qilishiga imkon beradi.Dipikolin kislotasi o‘zining koordinatsion moslashuvchanligi bilan ajralib turadi. U metall ioniga turli xil usullarda bog‘lana oladi, bu esa murakkab va xilma-xil strukturalarning shakllanishiga olib keladi. Natijada bir o‘lchamli zanjirsimon tuzilmalar, ikki o‘lchamli qatlamlar va uch o‘lchamli karkaslar hosil bo‘ladi. Ayniqsa, uch o‘lchamli strukturalar zamonaviy materialshunoslikda muhim ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib, ular gazlarni saqlash, ajratish va katalitik jarayonlarda keng qo‘llaniladi.Bundan tashqari, ushbu komplekslar ekologik muammolarni hal qilishda ham muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Masalan, ular suvdagi zararli moddalarni parchalay oladigan samarali fotokatalizatorlar sifatida ishlatiladi. Shu bilan birga, biologik faol komplekslar sifatida tibbiyotda ham qo‘llanilish imkoniyatiga ega.Shu nuqtai nazardan, 3d-metallarning 2,6-piridindikarbon kislotasi bilan hosil qiladigan komplekslarini chuqur o‘rganish nafaqat fundamental fan uchun, balki amaliy texnologiyalarni rivojlantirish uchun ham muhim hisoblanadi.
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